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Giles Antonini, O.E.S.A.,〔"His family name was Antonini, not Canisio as it sometimes appears", reports John W. O'Malley, S.J., in ''Giles of Viterbo on Church and Reform'' (Studies in Renaissance thought, 54, Leiden) 1968:4 note 1.〕 commonly referred to as Giles of Viterbo ((ラテン語:Ægidius Viterbensis), (イタリア語:Egidio da Viterbo)), was a 16th-century Italian Augustinian friar, bishop of Viterbo and cardinal, a reforming theologian, orator, humanist and poet. He was born in Viterbo and died in Rome. ==Life== He was born to humble parents and his given name is not known; his father was Lorenzo Antonini, of Canepina, near Viterbo, and his mother, Maria del Testa.〔G.Signorelli, ''Il cardinale Egidio da Viterbo agostiniano'', Firenze, 1929〕〔''The Biographical Dictionary of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge'' (1842), ''s.v.'' "Ægidius of Viterbo"〕 He entered the Order of St. Augustine in June 1488 at which time he was given the name Giles. After a course of studies at priories of the Order in Ameria, Padua, Istria, Florence and Rome, where he studied philosophy. He was later made a doctor of theology. In 1506 became Vicar General of his Order. Upon the death of the Prior General, and, under the patronage of Pope Julius II, he was confirmed by election as his successor at three successive General Chapters of the Order: in 1507, 1511 and 1515. Antonini was a noted preacher, presiding at several papal services at the order of Pope Alexander VI. He also traveled widely, due to his responsibilities as head of the Order. This allowed to be in touch with the leading intellectual figures of the period, with many of whom he formed working collaborations. One friend, Giovanni Pontano, dedicated a work to him, entitled ''Ægidius''.〔(【引用サイトリンク】work=Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church )〕 Antonini is famous in ecclesiastical history for the boldness and earnestness of the discourse which he delivered at the opening of the Fifth Lateran Council, held in 1512, at the Lateran Palace.〔''Oratio prima Synodi Lateranensis habita'', printed at Rome, 1513; it is printed in Harduin's collection of the Councils, vol IX, p.1576.〕 Following this service to his Order, Antonini was elevated to the rank of cardinal by Pope Leo X in the consistory of 1 July 1517, and given the titular church of San Bartolomeo all'Isola, which he immediately had changed to the Church of San Matteo in Via Merulana. He resigned the office of Prior General in February 1519. Pope Leo confided to him several sees in succession, employed him as legate on important missions, notably to Charles of Spain, soon to be Emperor. In 1523 Pope Leo gave him the title of Latin Patriarch of Constantinople.〔 Antonini's zeal for the genuine reformation of conditions in the Catholic Church prompted him to present Pope Adrian VI with a ''Promemoria''.〔Edited by Constantin Höfler in the proceedings of the Munich Academy of Sciences, III class, IV, 3 (B) 62-89.〕 He was universally esteemed as a learned and virtuous member of the great pontifical senate and many deemed him destined to succeed Pope Clement VII. When the forces of Emperor Charles sacked the city in 1527, Antonini's extensive library was destroyed. He spent the next year living in exile in Padua. In 1530 he requested the transfer of his titular church to that of the Church of San Marcello al Corso.〔 Antonini died in Rome and was buried in the Basilica of Sant'Agostino.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Giles of Viterbo」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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